is a science-based approach focused on the quality of life and humane treatment of animals under human care. It supports the use of animals for food, research, or entertainment, provided they are treated with respect and minimal suffering.

From this perspective, using animals for food, research, entertainment, or clothing is ethically acceptable as long as their suffering is systematically reduced. The goal is better cages, not no cages. Animal welfare science is a rigorous field that measures cortisol levels, behavioral anomalies, and physical health to create standards for factory farms, zoos, and laboratories. It is a reformist movement, working within the existing system.

Despite progress in both areas, several global issues remain at the forefront of the debate:

The most widely accepted global standard for animal welfare is the Five Freedoms Model , which ensures both mental and physical needs are met:

Animal welfare is based on the principle of . It accepts that humans use animals for food, research, and companionship but insists that this use must be governed by standards that minimize pain and distress.

There are many ways to make a positive impact on animal welfare and rights: