For decades, the word "translation" was considered a taboo in communicative language teaching (CLT) classrooms. Language educators were trained to believe that using the first language (L1) was a crutch, and that translation led to interference, unnatural产出, and a failure to think in the target language (L2). However, a seismic shift occurred in 2010 with the publication of Guy Cook’s seminal Oxford University Press volume,
Translation-for-meaning warm-up (8–12 min) translation in language teaching guy cook pdf free work
It forces students to pay closer attention to the relationship between form and meaning across different linguistic systems. For decades, the word "translation" was considered a