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The “reader” component in this model can be interpreted as the code path that reads data from disk into memory: the kernel’s block I/O path plus filesystem read routines and the page cache. The page cache is central to performance: it caches recently accessed file data in RAM and coalesces I/O, reducing physical read frequency. Read-ahead algorithms and I/O schedulers (e.g., mq-deadline, bfq) optimize sequential and random access patterns differently to improve throughput and latency. If you need to do more than just